‘Photos of Brazilian kids—sometimes spanning their entire childhood—have been used without their consent to power AI tools, including popular image generators like Stable Diffusion, Human Rights Watch (HRW) warned on Monday.’ Link: https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2024/06/ai-trained-on-photos-from-kids-entire-childhood-without-their-consent/

‘Judge Kevin Newsom of the 11th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals at Atlanta revealed his innovative approach to legal research, using the AI tool ChatGPT to understand the ordinary meaning of “landscaping.”’ Link: https://www.canadianlawyermag.com/news/international/us-judge-explores-ai-use-for-legal-definitions-advocates-for-broader-adoption/386758

‘Adobe, maker of Photoshop and Creative Cloud, has run afoul of its user base with changes to its terms of service that, among other things, give it the right to look at your files and existing projects in the name of content moderation.’ Link: https://www.cnet.com/tech/services-and-software/adobe-defends-changes-in-its-terms-of-service-amid-gen-ai-explosion/

‘Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to both exacerbate and ameliorate existing socioeconomic inequalities. In this article, we provide a state-of-the-art interdisciplinary overview of the potential impacts of generative AI on (mis)information and three information-intensive domains: work, education, and healthcare. Our goal is to highlight how generative AI could worsen existing inequalities while illuminating…

‘Three-quarters of lawyers agree that using generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) helps them “get to a first draft quicker”, according to a report on trials run by a leading City law firm.’ Link: https://www.legalfutures.co.uk/latest-news/genai-helps-lawyers-overcome-blank-page-syndrome

‘Recently, there has been considerable interest in large language models: machine learning systems which produce human-like text and dialogue. Applications of these systems have been plagued by persistent inaccuracies in their output; these are often called “AI hallucinations”. We argue that these falsehoods, and the overall activity of large language models, is better understood as bullshit in…

‘As part of its ‘pro-innovation’ approach to artificial intelligence (AI), the UK has left public sector AI procurement and deployment to ‘regulation by contract’ based on thin guidance. Borrowing from the description of AI ‘hallucinations’ as plausible but incorrect answers given with high confidence by AI systems, I argue that this is a ‘regulatory hallucination’:…

‘The rise of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has ignited a debate about its effects on the mis- and disinformation landscape. The doomsday scenarios of epistemic and information apocalypse presented for many years are recently being questioned, and the previous fears are called “overblown.” These phenomena are analyzed mostly through the factors of quantity and quality…

‘Not all generative AI models are created equal, particularly when it comes to how they treat polarizing subject matter.’ Link: https://techcrunch.com/2024/06/06/study-finds-ai-models-hold-opposing-views-on-controversial-topics/

‘The drive for innovation, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness has seen governments increasingly turn to artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance their operations. The significant growth in the use of AI mechanisms in the areas of migration and border control makes the potential for its application to the process of refugee status determination (RSD), which is burdened by…

‘Last month, Meta announced that it was going to expand its artificial intelligence services around the world, and the company let users in Europe know that it would use their public information to train its A.I. services starting on June 26.’ Link: https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/07/technology/meta-ai-scraping-policy.html

‘Turkish authorities have arrested a student for cheating during a university entrance exam by using a makeshift device linked to artificial intelligence software to answer questions.’ Link: https://www.reuters.com/technology/artificial-intelligence/turkish-student-arrested-using-ai-cheat-university-exam-2024-06-11/

‘Researchers are drawing on ideas from game theory to improve large language models and make them more consistent.’ Link: https://www.quantamagazine.org/game-theory-can-make-ai-more-correct-and-efficient-20240509/

‘LinkedIn’s new generative AI features include chatbots based on popular career coaches and tools to rewrite résumés and cover letters.’ Linked: https://www.wired.com/story/linkedin-ai-features-career-coach-chatbot/

‘After actress Scarlett Johansson turned down OpenAI’s request to use her voice in their latest version of ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence chatbot, the company seemingly forged ahead and used it anyway.’ Link: https://www.law.virginia.edu/news/202406/how-openai-controversies-test-limits-copyright-right-publicity

‘Have you noticed or suspected that your clients are using ChatGPT to research or produce legal drafts and then give their work to you to “look over”? Not only can this consume much time and cause frustrating errors, but you may also realize that your new competitor for legal work has a name: ChatGPT.’ Link:…

‘Socioeconomic bias in society exacerbates disparities, influencing access to opportunities and resources based on individuals’ economic and social backgrounds. This pervasive issue perpetuates systemic inequalities, hindering the pursuit of inclusive progress as a society. In this paper, we investigate the presence of socioeconomic bias, if any, in large language models. To this end, we introduce…

‘Lord Chris Holmes explains why he intends to bring his Private Member’s Bill on AI back to Parliament once the new government is in place.’ Link: https://www.computerweekly.com/opinion/Proposed-AI-Bill-scuppered-by-general-election-so-what-comes-next

‘This guide is intended to assist judges and other decision makers in their assessment of open source information, by explaining some of the most common open source investigative techniques.’ Link: https://www.trueproject.co.uk/osguide

‘Legal practice has witnessed a sharp rise in products incorporating artificial intelligence (AI). Such tools are designed to assist with a wide range of core legal tasks, from search and summarization of caselaw to document drafting. But the large language models used in these tools are prone to “hallucinate,” or make up false information, making…

‘Perhaps the most widely touted of GPT-4’s at-launch, zero-shot capabilities has been its reported 90th-percentile performance on the Uniform Bar Exam. This paper begins by investigating the methodological challenges in documenting and verifying the 90th-percentile claim, presenting four sets of findings that indicate that OpenAI’s estimates of GPT-4’s UBE percentile are overinflated.’ Link: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10506-024-09396-9

‘Artificial intelligence heavyweights in California are protesting against a state bill that would force technology companies to adhere to a strict safety framework including creating a “kill switch” to turn off their powerful AI models, in a growing battle over regulatory control of the cutting-edge technology.’ Link: https://www.ft.com/content/eee08381-962f-4bdf-b000-eeff42234ee0

‘Sharing digitally altered “deepfake” pornographic images will attract a penalty of six years’ jail, or seven years for those who also created them, under proposed new national laws to go before federal parliament next week.’ Link: https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/article/2024/jun/01/creating-or-sharing-deepfake-porn-without-consent-to-be-under-proposed-new-australian-laws

‘Better understanding of Large Language Models’ (LLMs) legal analysis abilities can contribute to improving the efficiency of legal services, governing artificial intelligence and leveraging LLMs to identify inconsistencies in law. This paper explores LLM capabilities in applying tax law. We choose this area of law because it has a structure that allows us to set…

‘Since the launch of ChatGPT in November 2022, libraries are constantly trying to interpret, incorporate, and revise approaches toward generative artificial intelligence (AI) in collection management, public services, and research. Despite dealing with specialized languages and geographic areas, this development holds true for East Asian libraries, too. My experience as a librarian at the Tateuchi…

‘As the new wave of artificial intelligence systems quickly comes under the microscope of law and policy, an intriguing question is becoming central: How does AI un-learn?’ Link: https://www.politico.com/newsletters/digital-future-daily/2024/06/03/ai-machine-unlearning-forget-00161303

‘This paper explores face anonymization techniques in the context of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) amidst growing privacy concerns due to the widespread use of personal data in machine learning. We focus on unstructured data, specifically facial data, and discuss two approaches to assessing re-identification risks: the risk- based approach supported by GDPR and…

‘AI developers are likely to have to pay copyright holders compensation in recognition of “past infringements” as part of any voluntary agreement that would allow them to use copyrighted content to train and operate their AI systems in future, according to a prominent group of UK law makers.’ Link: https://www.pinsentmasons.com/out-law/news/inevitable-ai-copyright-deal-include-compensation-say-mps

‘The advent of Generative AI, particularly through Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and its successors, marks a paradigm shift in the AI landscape. Advanced LLMs exhibit multimodality, handling diverse data formats, thereby broadening their application scope. However, the complexity and emergent autonomy of these models introduce challenges in predictability and legal compliance. This paper…

‘The First Tier Tribunal has heard a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) appeal against the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP)’s refusal to disclose information about its use of AI to detect fraud and error in the benefits system.’ Link: https://www.localgovernmentlawyer.co.uk/information-law/398-information-law-news/57569-first-tier-tribunal-scrutinises-use-of-ai-by-dwp

‘The recent AI Summits in the UK and South Korea pretend to be about ensuring AI technology is developed safely and responsibly, yet their outputs are banal statements and platitudes. If states are serious about regulating AI in a way that benefits humanity as a whole, they must undercut the lobbying efforts of the private…

‘Artificial intelligence company DoNotPay is settling a proposed class action alleging it provided “substandard” services and engaged in the unauthorized practice of law, according to a California federal court filing.’ Link: https://www.reuters.com/legal/legalindustry/legal-ai-startup-donotpay-reaches-settlement-customer-class-action-2024-06-06/

‘External audits of AI systems are increasingly recognized as a key mechanism for AI governance. The effectiveness of an audit, however, depends on the degree of access granted to auditors. Recent audits of state-of-the-art AI systems have primarily relied on black-box access, in which auditors can only query the system and observe its outputs. However,…

‘‘Trustworthy artificial intelligence’ (TAI) is contested. Considering the growing power of Big Tech and the fear that AI ethics lacks sufficient institutional backing to enforce its norms on AI industry, we struggle to reconcile ethical and economic demands in AI development. To establish such a convergence in the European context, the European Commission published the Ethics…

‘As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly integrated into our lives, the need for new norms is urgent. However, AI evolves at a much faster pace than the characteristic time of norm formation, posing an unprecedented challenge to our societies. This paper examines possible criticalities of the processes of norm formation surrounding AI. It focuses on…

‘The number of bar associations that have issued AI ethics guidance continues to grow, with NJ being the most recent. In its May 2024 report (Report), the NJ Task Force on Artificial Intelligence and the Law made a number of recommendations and findings as detailed below. With this Report, NJ joins the list of other bar associations…

‘If your carefully crafted life plan has been scuppered by sofa time, bingeing on fast food, drinking too much and failing to contribute to the company pension, it may be time for a chat with your future self.’ Link: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/article/2024/jun/05/ai-researchers-build-future-self-chatbot-to-inspire-wise-life-choices

‘There is currently “not a vision” for how people in the family justice system, clients and professionals, can “safely harness” the benefits of artificial intelligence (AI), the Nuffield Family Justice Observatory has found.’ Link: https://www.legalfutures.co.uk/latest-news/no-vision-on-use-of-ai-by-family-justice-system

‘In late 2022, OpenAI introduced ChatGPT to the world. At the time of writing this article, ChatGPT and other generative AI models were no longer used only to generate silly responses but were being considered for substantive work in our daily lives. Specifically, this article highlights how ChatGPT and other learned language models can have…

‘Since the publication of ChatGPT and Dall-E, there has been heavy discussions on the possible dangers of generative artificial intelligence (AI) for society. These discussions question the extent to which the development of AI can be regulated by politics, law, and civic actors. An important arena for discourse on AI is the news media. The…

‘The recent advent of commercial artificial intelligence (AI), especially in natural language processing (NLP), introduces transformative possibilities for wrongful conviction research. NLP, a pivotal branch of AI that forms the basis for Large Language Models (LLMs), enables computers to interpret human language with a nuanced understanding. This technological advancement is particularly valuable for analyzing the…

‘When artificial intelligence (“AI”) acquires self-awareness, agency, and unique intelligence, it will attain ontological personhood. Management of firms by AI would be technologically and economically feasible. The law could confer AI with the status of legal personhood, as it did with the personhood of traditional business firms in the past, thus dispensing with the need…

‘At some point in your life, you are likely to need legal advice. A survey carried out in 2023 by the Law Society, the Legal Services Board and YouGov found that two-thirds of respondents had experienced a legal issue in the past four years. The most common problems were employment, finance, welfare and benefits and consumer issues.’…

‘UK ministers are working on plans to increase transparency over how tech companies train their artificial intelligence models after the creative industries voiced concerns over work being copied and used without permission or a fee.’ Link: https://www.ft.com/content/17f4c7ee-b1bc-4bde-8e92-bebb555479a2

‘Meta’s AI models are trained on your posts. But there are ways to limit what you share.’ Link: https://mashable.com/article/meta-using-posts-train-ai-opt-out

‘Vulnerability is an intrinsic characteristic of human beings. We depend on others (families, social structures, and the state) to enjoy our essential needs and to flourish as human beings. In specific contexts and relationships, this dependency exposes us to power imbalances and higher risks of harm. In other words, it increases our vulnerability.’ Link: https://blog.oup.com/2024/05/human-vulnerability-in-the-eu-artificial-intelligence-act/

‘Today [28 May], the OpenAI Board formed a Safety and Security Committee led by directors Bret Taylor (Chair), Adam D’Angelo, Nicole Seligman, and Sam Altman (CEO). This committee will be responsible for making recommendations to the full Board on critical safety and security decisions for OpenAI projects and operations.’ Link: https://openai.com/index/openai-board-forms-safety-and-security-committee/

‘This article examines the challenges of regulating artificial intelligence (AI) systems and proposes an adapted model of regulation suitable for AI’s novel features. Unlike past technologies, AI systems built using techniques like deep learning cannot be directly analyzed, specified, or audited against regulations. Their behavior emerges unpredictably from training rather than intentional design. However, the…

‘This paper addresses a critical gap in legal analytics by developing and applying a novel taxonomy for topic modelling summary judgment cases in the United Kingdom. Using a curated dataset of summary judgment cases, we use the Large Language Model Claude 3 Opus to explore functional topics and trends. We find that Claude 3 Opus…

‘In the age of artificial intelligence, situations are emerging that challenge the laws over rights to a persona.’ Link: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-01578-4