‘This paper examines the impact that the finally approved Artificial Intelligence Act (AIA) will have on European public authorities when developing, acquiring and using AI systems. It argues that, despite the initial disappointment that the Act may cause when approaching it from an administrative law perspective, and despite the fact that some of the solutions…

‘Automated employment decision tools use machine learning, artificial intelligence, predictive analytics, and other data-driven approaches to enhance candidate experiences and streamline employment related decision-making, allowing human resources to be concentrated where they are needed most. However, the use of these tools without appropriate safeguards has resulted in a number of high-profile scandals in recent years,…

‘As part of our interest in helping academic researchers harness AI, we surveyed 2,300 researchers to understand their use of AI, as well as their attitudes and worries. Our findings show that a quarter (25%) of those in the early stages of their careers have reported having sceptical or challenging views of AI. However, this proportion falls to…

‘A new ruling by the EU’s highest court could serve as a significant drag on the ability of businesses in Europe to support and benefit from AI innovation, an expert has warned. Link: https://www.pinsentmasons.com/out-law/news/eu-legitimate-interests-ruling-could-hurt-ai-development

‘The rise of AI-generated content in popular information sources raises significant concerns about accountability, accuracy, and bias amplification. Beyond directly impacting consumers, the widespread presence of this content poses questions for the long-term viability of training language models on vast internet sweeps. We use GPTZero, a proprietary AI detector, and Binoculars, an open-source alternative, to…

‘The public release of generative AI services, such as ChatGPT, has stirred intense public interest across all sectors of society, including the legal profession. The question of whether AI could replace lawyers, as well as how society should govern AI through the law, has ceased to be a concern belonging solely to science fiction movies.…

‘Cognitive presence and social presence are crucial for a comprehensive learning experience. Despite the flexibility of asynchronous learning environments to accommodate individual schedules, the inherent constraints of asynchronous environments make augmenting cognitive and social presence particularly challenging. Students often face challenges such as a lack of timely feedback and support, a lack of non-verbal cues…

‘Factors are a foundational component of legal analysis and computational models of legal reasoning. These factor-based representations enable lawyers, judges, and AI and Law researchers to reason about legal cases. In this paper, we introduce a methodology that leverages large language models (LLMs) to discover lists of factors that effectively represent a legal domain. Our…

‘Large Language Models (LLMs) enable a future in which certain types of legal documents may be generated automatically. This has a great potential to streamline legal processes, lower the cost of legal services, and dramatically increase access to justice. While many researchers focus on proposing and evaluating LLM-based applications supporting tasks in the legal domain,…

‘For businesses small and large, artificial intelligence (AI) is associated with various exciting words such as innovation, opportunity and competitive advantage. But there’s another word that needs to be on that list: compliance.’ Link: https://www.ibm.com/think/insights/ai-compliance

‘UNESCO and Colombia’s Superior Council of the Judiciary are forging an innovative partnership to promote the ethical use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the judicial system. This collaboration marks a significant step towards ensuring that technology improves justice and human rights in Colombia and the rest of Latin America.’ Link: https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/unesco-and-colombia-leaders-ethical-and-responsible-use-ai-judiciary

‘Can would-be law students use generative artificial intelligence programs, such as ChatGPT, to write admissions essays? Fifty-four percent of surveyed law schools have no official policy on the issue, according to a survey by test prep company Kaplan.’ Link: https://www.abajournal.com/news/article/a-majority-of-surveyed-law-schools-have-no-policy-on-using-ai-to-write-admission-essays

‘There is a growing tension in Europe between the economic interests in enabling developers of artificial intelligence (AI) systems to access data on which to train their models and the legal frameworks that impose constraints on the ability of developers to do that.’ Link: https://www.pinsentmasons.com/out-law/news/data-protection-interventions-put-europe-at-ai-crossroads

‘In the age of generative AI, can teaching videos be efficiently and effectively generated by large language models? In this study, the authors used generative AI tools to develop four short teaching videos for a management course and then compared them with human-generated videos on the same subjects in an online experiment. In an across-subject…

‘ChatGPT and Bard (now known as Gemini) are becoming indispensable resources for researchers, academicians and diverse stakeholders within the academic landscape. At the same time, traditional digital tools such as scholarly databases continue to be widely used. Web of Science and Scopus are the most extensive academic databases and are generally regarded as consistently reliable…

‘This paper motivates and studies the feasibility of a new digital right to procedural accuracy (RPA) for digital evidence processing in criminal investigations. The need to guarantee a new principle of procedural accuracy under Art. 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) is based on the concern that digital forensic science and AI…

‘The Harbingers study of early career researchers (ECRs), their work life and scholarly communications, began by studying generational—Millennial—change (c.2016), then moved to pandemic change (c.2020) and is now investigating another potential agent of change: artificial intelligence (2024–). We report here on a substantial scoping pilot study that looks at the impact of AI on the…

‘The UK government is planning to end uncertainty around the use of copyright content as artificial intelligence (AI) training data in what appears to be good news for AI companies and creative industry stakeholders.’ Link: https://www.pinsentmasons.com/out-law/news/good-new-as-copyright-and-ai-stand-off-end-within-months

‘UK regulators have been asked for help in navigating the EU AI Act under an initiative that allows businesses to seek informal advice from multiple authorities on prospective new products, services or business models, Out-Law can reveal.’ Link: https://www.pinsentmasons.com/out-law/news/uk-regulators-asked-for-advice-on-eu-ai-act

‘The Financial Reporting Council (FRC) has today published revised Technical Actuarial Guidance: Models, to support the growing use of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AI/ML) techniques in actuarial work. The updated guidance aims to support practitioners applying the principles-based Technical Actuarial Standard 100 (TAS 100) when using these techniques, ensuring the continued production of quality…

‘Judges in the family courts are using victim-blaming and gender-biased language towards domestic abuse survivors, AI analysis of judgments and appeals in England and Wales reveals.’ Link: https://www.theguardian.com/law/2024/oct/08/family-court-judges-victim-blaming-language-domestic-abuse-cases-ai-project

‘We’re used to hearing about the power of artificial intelligence to spread misinformation – but could it also be a tool for persuading people of the truth? Ian Sample speaks to Thomas Costello, an assistant professor of psychology at American University, who has published a study exploring the potential for AI chatbots to lead people…

‘The full picture of algorithmic risks and harms is a complicated one. So how do we approach the task of auditing algorithmic systems? There are various attempts to simplify the picture into overarching, standardized frameworks; or focus on particular areas, such as understanding and explaining the “black box” of models. While this work and thinking…

‘Traditionally, legal actions have been time consuming, expensive, and distracting. Generative AI makes it easier — and cheaper — for customers, employees, competitors, and regulators to take legal action, at the same time that a turbulent geopolitical environment increases legal exposure. Future legal risks will be legal fishing expeditions akin to internet “phishing” attacks: less…

‘Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) challenges creative efforts and work that build on expertise. Since GAI has the ability to generate content that can be easily confused with human output, it puts professionals and their organizations at risk. We explore how professional service firms (PSFs) (in law, architecture, and auditing) react to this new technology and…

‘The aim of this study is to review the available knowledge concerning the use of artificial Intelligence (AI) in general in different areas of Forensic Sciences from human identification to postmortem interval estimation and the estimation of different causes of death. This paper aims to emphasize the different uses of AI, especially in Forensic Medicine,…

‘Generative AI has demonstrated the potential to significantly outperform human CEOs in strategic decision-making by excelling in data-driven tasks like product design and market optimization. In an experiment simulating the automotive industry, AI models outpaced human participants in market share and profitability but faltered in handling unpredictable disruptions, leading to faster dismissals by virtual boards.…

‘With a new government come new beginnings. This is particularly true for AI regulation, with the new government ideally positioned to remedy the previous administration’s omissions regarding regulating public-sector AI usage. The Data Protection and Digital Information Bill has died a death, presenting the Labour government with a legislative gap to fill – and an opportunity.’ Link:…

‘Local government does not have access to a clear, comprehensive or consistent account of how to procure AI in the public interest, an independent research institute has warned.’ Link: https://www.localgovernmentlawyer.co.uk/procurement-and-contracts/402-procurement-news/58684-local-authorities-being-left-without-adequate-support-to-procure-ai-in-public-interest-research-finds

‘The International Bar Association (IBA), the global voice of the legal profession, has formally endorsed the Council of Europe Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law.’ Link: https://www.ibanet.org/The-IBA-is-the-first-association-of-legal-practitioners-to-endorse-the-Council-of-Europe-Framework-Convention-on-Artificial-Intelligence

‘This study aims to investigate whether GPT-4 can effectively grade assignments for design university students and provide useful feedback. In design education, assignments do not have a single correct answer and often involve solving an open-ended design problem. This subjective nature of design projects often leads to grading problems,as grades can vary between different raters,for…

‘In the rapidly evolving landscape of the global economy, digital platforms have emerged as powerful arbiters of labor, reshaping traditional employment paradigms and blurring the lines between workers and entrepreneurs. At the heart of this transformation lies the intersection of algorithmic management and worker autonomy, a juncture that demands urgent and critical examination. The proliferation of AI-driven…

‘It’s been nearly two years since generative artificial intelligence was made widely available to the public. Some models showed great promise by passing academic and professional exams.’ Link: https://theconversation.com/i-got-generative-ai-to-attempt-an-undergraduate-law-exam-it-struggled-with-complex-questions-240021

‘Time to think – that is what we always seek from new technologies. If machines do the boring bits, we can concentrate on the important stuff, such as thinking.’ Link: https://www.helsinki.fi/en/news/human-centric-technology/artificial-intelligence-changing-society-brain-and-humanity

‘Optimizing human-AI interaction requires users to reflect on their own performance critically. Our study examines whether people using AI to complete tasks can accurately monitor how well they perform. Participants (N = 246) used AI to solve 20 logical problems from the Law School Admission Test. While their task performance improved by three points compared…

‘OpenAI, the developer of the groundbreaking ChatGPT chatbot, is preparing to overhaul its corporate structure and become a for-profit business.’ Link: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2024/sep/26/why-is-openai-planning-to-become-a-for-profit-business-and-does-it-matter

‘LinkedIn has suspended the use of UK user data to train its artificial intelligence (AI) models after a regulator raised concerns.’ Link: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cy89x4y1pmgo

‘Behind AI’s rapid advance and our sanitized feeds, an invisible global workforce endures unimaginable trauma.’ Link: https://www.noemamag.com/the-human-cost-of-our-ai-driven-future/

‘With GenAI poised to significantly disrupt how lawyers perform legal services, it may also significantly alter the relationship between corporate law departments and their outside counsel around how the work should be priced.’ Link: https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en-us/posts/legal/alternative-fee-arrangements-ai-driven-legal-work/

‘On July 31, 2024, the U.S. Copyright Office issued the first part of a Report analyzing copyright law and policy issues related to copyright and artificial intelligence (AI).’ Link: https://www.americanbar.org/advocacy/governmental_legislative_work/publications/washingtonletter/september-24-wl/copyright-ai-report-0924wl/

‘Generative AI models, such as the GPT and Llama series, have significant potential to assist laypeople in answering legal questions. However, little prior work focuses on the data sourcing, inference, and evaluation of these models in the context of laypersons. To this end, we propose a human-centric legal NLP pipeline, covering data sourcing, inference, and…

‘The rise of artificial intelligence has sparked a panic about computers gaining power over humankind. But the real threat comes from falling for the hype. By Navneet Alang’ Link: https://www.theguardian.com/news/audio/2024/sep/27/no-god-in-the-machine-the-pitfalls-of-ai-worship-podcast

‘Laws play a key role in the complex socio-technical system impacting contestability: they create the regulations shaping the way AI systems are designed, evaluated, and used. Despite their role in the AI value chain, lawyers’ impact on contestability has gone largely unrecognized in the design of AI systems. In this paper, we highlight two main…

‘Arvind Narayanan, a computer science professor at Princeton University, is best known for calling out the hype surrounding artificial intelligence in his Substack, AI Snake Oil, written with PhD candidate Sayash Kapoor. The two authors recently released a book based on their popular newsletter about AI’s shortcomings.’ Link: https://www.wired.com/story/artificial-intelligence-hype-ai-snake-oil/

‘Explanation is key to people having confidence in high-stakes AI systems. However, machine-learning-based systems – which account for almost all current AI – can’t explain because they are usually black boxes. The explainable AI (XAI) movement hedges this problem by redefining “explanation”. The human-centered explainable AI (HCXAI) movement identifies the explanation-oriented needs of users but…

‘Predicting student outcomes is essential in educational analytics for creating personalised learning experiences. The effectiveness of these predictive models relies on having access to sufficient and accurate data. However, privacy concerns and the lack of student consent often restrict data collection, limiting the applicability of predictive models. To tackle this obstacle, we employ Generative Adversarial…

‘It’s no secret that social media sites these days are full of bots. Accounts spread AI-generated images around Facebook like wildfire, while X’s disastrous pay-to-play blue check policy only exacerbated the platform’s existing struggles with false accounts. But what if there was a social media platform that not only embraced the bots, but was purposely built around them?’…

‘Lawyers are turning to AI to streamline their legal work, but will it come at a greater cost?’ Link: https://www.lexisnexis.co.uk/insights/fast-law-why-speed-is-the-priority-for-lawyers-using-ai/index.html

‘What is the context which gave rise to the obligation to carry out a Fundamental Rights Impact Assessment (FRIA) in the AI Act? How has assessment of the impact on fundamental rights been framed by the EU legislator in the AI Act? What methodological criteria should be followed in developing the FRIA? These are the…

‘Unless you’re in the EU, there’s no ability to opt out of AI training settings that keep Facebook or Instagram posts public.’ Link: https://www.theverge.com/2024/9/12/24242789/meta-training-ai-models-facebook-instagram-photo-post-data